Synonyms
Sticholotis Crotch, 1874: 200. TS: Sticholotis substriata Crotch, 1874.
Gymnoscymnus Blackburn, 1892: 241. TS: Gymnoscymnus quadrimaculatus Blackburn, 1892.
Paranesolotis Hoang,1982: 104. TS: Paranesolotis tamdaoensis Hoang, 1982.
Nesolotis Miyatake, 1966: 47. TS: Nesolotis impuncatata Miyatake, 1966.
Diagnosis
Sticholotis comprises the Old World sticholotidine species that share the following characters: exposed antennal insertion with clypeus distinctly emarginate around it, the apical segment of maxillary palps elongate and spindle-shaped; the median part of prosternum between front coxae broad and at least weakly prominent anteriorly, forming support for the gular region of head; claws simple or with slightly broadened bases.
Description
Body hemispherical, convex and apparently glabrous, usually winged. Clypeus emarginate around antennal insertions. Antenna 10- or 11-segmented with weak club composed of 3 segments. Mandible bidentate apically. Apical segment of maxillary palp elongate and conical; labial palps narrowing apically; ligula short, not expanded laterally. Pronotum transverse with complete fine bordering line beginning at inner anterior angles and continuing along the lateral edges and across the pronotal base; procoxae broadly separated, median part of prosternum between coxae raised and distinctly produced forward, forming support for ventral side of head in repose. Scutellum small or very small, visible externally. Mesoventrite transverse, flat between coxae, anteriorly forming a cavity receiving tip of the prosternal process. Metaventrite with complete discrimen and femoral lines, usually about as long as abdominal ventrite 1. Elytral epipleuron broad, complete to apex, concave, rarely with weak impressions to accommodate legs in repose, the impressions are never deep or clearly limited by the carinae. Abdomen with 5 visible ventrites; ventrite 1 and 2 partially fused at middle; ventrite 1 as long as following three combined, with incomplete femoral lines and sometimes with additional lines above them. Legs: tibiae not angulate along outer edges, apical spurs absent; tarsi 4-segmented; claws with broadened base. Male genitalia: tegmen with short asymmetrical basal strut, median piece elongate, parameres symmetrical, long and sparsely setose apically; median lobe simple, base enlarged. Female genitalia: coxities narrow and elongate; styli small, terminal, often absent; sclerotised spermatheca often absent.
Distribution and Biology
Tropics and subtropics of the Old World but most of the species have been described from the Oriental Region.
Genus References
Blackburn, T. 1892. Further notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. XIII. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 15: 207-261.
Crotch, G.R. 1874. A revision of the coleopterous family Coccinellidae. Jason, London, Xv+311 pp.
Hoang, D.N. 1982. Bo Rua - Coccinellidae o Viet Nam (Insecta, Coleoptera) Tap 1. Nha Xuat Ban Khoa Hoc Va Ky Thuat, Ha Noi, 211 pp.
Miyatake, M. 1966. A new genus belonging to the tribe Pharini from the northern part of the Ryukyu Islands (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Transactions of the Shikoku Entomological Society, 9: 47-50
Miyatake, M. 1994. Revisional studies on Asian genera of the subfamily Sticholotidinae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, Ehime University, 38: 223-292
Sasaji, H. 1967. A revision of the Formosan Coccinellidae (I) the subfamily Sticholotidinae, with a establishment of a new tribe (Coleoptera). Etizenia, 25: 28.
Slipinski, A. 2004. Revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part 2. Tribe Sticholotidini. Annales Zoologici, 54: 389-402.
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