Ladybird References

Afroze, S. & Uddin, S.(1998). Bioecology of Synia melanaria Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) predating on Coptosoma ostensum Distant. Journal of Entomological Research 22: 329-336.


Ahmad, R. (1970). Studies in West Pakistan on the biology of one nitidulid species and two coccinellid species (Coleoptera) that attack scale insect species (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of Entomological Research 60: 5-16.


Al Abassi, S., Birkett, M.A., Petterson, J., Pickett, J.A., &Woodcok, C.M. (1998). Ladybird beetle odour identified and found to be responsible for attraction between adults. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 54: 876–879


Anderson, J.M.E. (1982). Seasonal habitat utilization and food of the ladybirds Scymnodes lividigaster (Mulsant) and Leptothea galbula (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 30: 59-70.


Anderson, J.M.E. & Richards, A.M. (1977). First record of reproductive diapause and aggregation in Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera:). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 102: 13-17.


Austin, A.D., Yeates, D.E., Cassis, G., Fletcher, M.J., La Salle, J., Lawrence, J.F., McQuillan, P.B., Mound, L.A., Bickel, D.J., Gullan, P.J., Hales, D.F. & Taylor, G.S. (2004). Insects 'Down Under' - diversity, endemism and evolution of the Australian insect fauna: examples from select orders. Australian Journal of Entomology 43: 216-234.


Balduf, W.V. (1935). The Bionomics of Entomophagous Coleoptera. St Louis, Mo.: J.S. Swift Co. Inc. 1 +220 pp. mimeograph 108 figs.


Bashford, R. (1999). Predation by ladybird beetles (Coccinellids) on immature stages of Eucalyptus leaf beetle Chrysophtharta bimaculata (Olivier). Tasforests 11: 77-86.


Bartlett, B.R. (1961). The influence of ants upon parasites, predators and scale insects. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 54: 543–551.


Booth, R.G., Cross, A.E., Fowler, S.V. & Shaw, R.H. (1995). The biology and taxonomy of Hyperaspis pantherina (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and the classical biological control of its prey, Orthezia insignis (Homoptera: Ortheziidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 85: 307-314.


Böving, A. (1917). A generic synopsis of the coccinellid larvae in the United States National Museum, with a description of the larva of Hyperaspis binotata Say. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 51: 621-650, pls 118-121.


Brown, H.D. (1972a). The behaviour of newly hatched coccinellid larvae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of Entomological Society of South Africa 35: 149-157.


Caltagirone, L.E. & Doutt, R.L. (1989). The history of the Vedalia beetle importation to California and its impact on the development of biological control. Annual Review of Entomology 34: 1-16.


Ceryngier, P. & Hodek, I. (1996). Enemeies od Coccinellidae. pp. 319-350. In Hodek, I. & Honek, A. (eds): Ecology of Coccinellidae. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.


Cochereau, P. (1969) Controle biologique d'Aspidiotus destructor Signoret (Homoptera, Diaspinae) dans l'Ille Vaté (Nouvelles Hébrides) au moyen de Rhizobius pulchellus Montrouzier (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Cahiers ORSTOM, série Biologie, 8: 57-100


Coquillett, D.W. (1893). Report on some of beneficial and injurious insects of California. United States Department of Agriculture Entomology Bulletin 30: 9–33


Crotch, G.R. (1874). A Revision of the Coleopterous Family Coccinellidae. London: E.W. Janson xv + 311 pp.


DeBach, P. (1964). Biological Control of Insect Pests and Weeds. New York: Chapman and Hall, 844 pp.


DeBach, P, and Rosen, D. (1991). Biological Control by Natural Enemies. Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. xiv + 440 pp.


Dejean, A., Orivel, J. & Gibernau, M. (2002). Specialized predation on plataspid heteropterans in a coccinellid beetle: adaptive behavior and responses of prey attended or not by ants. Behavioral Ecology 13: 154-159.


Disney, R.H.L., Majerus, M.E.N., & Walpole, M.J. (1994) Phoridae (Diptera) parasitizing Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Entomologist 113: 28-42.


Dixon, A.F.G. (2000). Insect Predator-Prey Dynamics. Ladybird Beetles and Biological Control. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ix + 257 pp.


Dobzhansky, T. (1924). Die weiblichen Generationsorgane der Coccinelliden als Artmerkmal betrachtet (Col.). Entomologische Mitteilungen. Berlin-Dahlem 13(1): 18–27


Dobzhansky T. (1926). Female genital organ of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) as a species and group character. Bulletin de l"Académie des Sciences de l'URSS 20: 1385-1586, 2 pls.


Drea, J.J. & Gordon, R.D. (1990). Predators. Coccinellidae. pp. 19-40 in Rosen, D. (ed.): The Armored Scale Insects, their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Amsterdam: Elsevier.


Emden, F.I.v. (1949). Larvae of British beetles. VII. (Coccinellidae). The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 85: 265-283.


Erichson, W.F. (1842). Beitrag zur Insecten-Fauna von Vandiemensland, mit besonderer Berücksichtung der geographischen Verbreitung der Insecten. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 8: 83–287, pls IV, V


Fleschner, C.A. (1950). Studies on searching capacity of the larvae of three predators of the citrus red mite. Hilgardia 20: 233-265.


Froggatt, W.W. (1903). Australian Ladybird Beetles. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 13: 895-911, 1 pl.


Fürsch, H. (1985). Die afrikanischen Sukunahikonini und Microweiseini mit Diskussion über alle Gattungen (Col. Cocc.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Neue Folge 32 (4-5): 279–295


Fürsch, H. (1987). Ubersicht uber die Genera und Subgenera der Scymnini mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der Westpalaearktis (Insecta, Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen 51(4): 57–74


Gage, J.H. (1920). The larvae of Coccinellidae. Illinois Biological Monographs 6: 23-294.


Gordon R.D. (1985). The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America north of Mexico. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 93: 1-912.


Gordon R.D. (1994). South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part III: definition of Exoplectrinae Crotch, Azyinae Mulsant, and Coccidulinae Crotch; a taxonomic revision of Coccidulini. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 38: 681-775.


Gordon, R.D. (1999). South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), part VI: a systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 47(Suppl. 1): 1–219


Greathead, D.J. & Pope, R.D. (1977). Studies on biology of and taxonomy of some Chilocorus spp. (Cleoptera: Coccinellidae) preying on Aulacaspis spp. (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in East Africa, with description of a new species. Bulletin of Entomological Research 67: 259-270.


Gutierrez, J. & Chazeau, J. (1972). Cycles de dévelopment et tables de vie de Tetranychus neocaledonicus André (Acariens: Tetranychidae) et d'un de ses principaux prédateurs a Madagascar Stethorus madegassus Chazeau (Coccinellidae). Entomophaga 17: 275-295.


Hafez, M. & El-Ziady, S. (1952a). Studies on the biology of Hyperaspis vinciguerrae Capra with a full description of the anatomy of the fourth stage larva (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Bulletin de la Société Fouad 'ier d' Entomologie 36: 211-246.


Hafez, M. & El-Ziady, S. (1952b). On the morphology of Hyperaspis vinciguerrae Capra (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Bulletin de la Société Fouad 'ier d' Entomologie 36: 247-292.


Hagen, K.B. (1962). Biology and ecology of predaceous Coccinellidae. Annual Review of Entomology 7: 289-326.


Hemptinne, J.L., Leclercq-Smekens, M. & Naisse, J. (1991). Structure and function of exocrine glands of the genitalia of females of the two-spot ladybird, Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Belgian Journal of Zoology 121: 27-37.


Hodek, I. (1967). Bionomics and ecology of predaceous Coccinellidae. Annual Review of Entomology 12: 79-104.


Hodek, I. (1973). Biology of Coccinellidae. Prague, The Hague: Academia Publishing and W. Junk. 260 pp + 33 pls pp.


Hodek, I. (1996a). Food relationships. pp. 143-237 in Hodek, I. & Honek, A. (eds) Ecology of Coccinellidae. Dordrecht Boston London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.


Hodek, I. (1996b). Dormancy. pp. 239-318 in Hodek, I. & Honek, A. (eds): Ecology of Coccinellidae. Dordrecht Boston London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.


Hodek, I., & A. Honek. (1996). Ecology of Coccinellidae. Series Entomologica, 54. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 464 pp.


Honda, J.Y. & Luck, R.F. (1995). Scale morphology effects on feeding behavior and biological control potential of Rhyzobius lorophanthae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 88: 227-236.


Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S.M. (1982). Les coccinelles. Coleoptères-Coccinellidae. Paris: Société nouvelle des editions Boubée 568 pp.


Iperti, G. (1999). Biodiversity of predaceous Coccinellidae in relation to bioindication and economic importance. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 74: 323-342.


Jadwiszczak, A. S. & Wegrzynowicz, P. (2003). World Catalogue of Coccinellidae Part I — Epilachninae. Olsztyn: Mantis 264 pp.


Kamiya, H. (1960). A new tribe of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Kontyû 28(1): 22–26 pl. 3


Kamiya, H. (1961). A revision of the tribe Scymnini from Japan and the Loochos (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Part I. Genera Clitostethus, Stethorus and Scymnus (except subgenus Pullus)Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 11(3): 275–301


Kamiya, H. (1965). Comparative morphology of larvae of the Japanese Coccinellidae, with special reference to the tribal phylogeny of the family (Coleoptera). The Memoirs of the Faculty of Education, Fukui University Series II (Natural Science) 14: 83-100.


Kamiya, H. (1965). A revision of the tribe Coccinellini of Japan and the Ryukyus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Memoirs. Faculty of Liberal Arts. Fukui University. (2, Nat. Sci.) 15(3): 27–71


Kapur, A.P. (1950). The biology and external morphology of the larvae of Epilachninae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 41: 161-208, pl. VI.


Klausnitzer, B. & Klausnitzer, H. (1986). Marienkäfer (Coccinellidae) 3 überarb. Aufl. Wittenberg: A. Ziemsen Verlag. 104 pp.


Kolbe, H.J. (1901). Vergleichend-morphologische Untersuchungen an Coleopteran nebst Grundlagen zu einum System und zur Systematik derselben. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 67: 89-150.


Korschefsky, R. (1931). Pars 118: Coccinellidae. I. pp. 1–224 in Junk, W. & Schenkling, S. (eds) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Berlin: W. Junk


Korschefsky, R. (1932). Pars 120: Coccinellidae. II. pp. 225–659 in Junk, W. & Schenkling, S. (eds) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Berlin: W. Junk


Kovář, I. (1996a). Morphology and anatomy. pp. 1-18 in Hodek, I. & Honek, A. (eds): Ecology of Coccinellidae . Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.


Kovář, I. (1996b). Phylogeny. pp. 19-31 in Hodek, I. & Honek, A. (eds): Ecology of Coccinellidae. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.


Kugelann, J.G. (1794). Verzeichniss der in einigen Gegenden Preussens bis jetzt entdeckten Käfer-Arten, nebst kurzen Nachrichten von denselben. Neuestes Magazin für die Liebhaber der Entomologie 1(5): 513–582


Kuznetsov, V.N. (1997). Lady beetles of the Russian Far East. Center for Systematic Entomology Memoir 1: 1-248.


Lawrence, J.F. (1991). Order Coleoptera. Larval morphology. pp. 146-177 in Stehr, F. (ed.): Immature Insects, Volume 2. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt.


Lawrence, J.F. & Britton, E.B. (1994). Australian Beetles. Carlton, Victoria: Melbourne University Press. ix+192 pp.


Lawrence, J.F. & Newton, A. (1995). Families and Subfamilies of Coleoptera (with Selected Genera, Notes, References and Data on Family-Group Names). pp. 779-1006 in Pakaluk, J. & Slipinski, S.A. (eds): Biology, Phylogeny, and Classification of Coleoptera. Papers Celebrating the 80th Birthday of Roy A. Crowson. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN.


Lawrence, J.F., Slipinski, S.A. & Pakaluk, J. (1995). From Latreille to Crowson: a history of the higher-level classification of beetles. pp. 87-155. In, Pakaluk, J. & Slipinski, S.A. (eds): Biology, Phylogeny, and Classification of Coleoptera: Papers Celebrating the 80th Birthday of Roy A. Crowson. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN.


LeSage, L. (1991). Coccinellidae (Cucujoidea). pp. 485-494 in Stehr, F. (ed.) Immature Insects, Volume 2. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt.


Leschen, R.A.B., Lawrence, J.F. & Slipinski, S.A. Classification of basal Cucujoidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga) cladistic analysis, keys and review of new families. Invertebrate Systematics 19: 1-57.


Majerus, M.E.N. (1994). Ladybirds. The New Naturalist Library. London: Harper Collins Publishers. 357 pp.


Majerus, M.E., Sloggett, J.J., Godeau, J.F. & Hemptinne, J.L. (2007). Interactions between ants and aphidophagous and coccidophagous ladybirds. Population Ecology 49: 15-27.


Mulsant, M.E. (1846). Histoire Naturelle des Coléoptères de France. Sulcicolles-Sécuripalpes. Paris: Maison xxiv + 26 pp. + 280 pp. + 1 pl.


Mulsant, M.E. (1850). Species des Coléoptères Trimères Sécuripalpes. Annales des Sciencies Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiées par la Société nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxième Série, 2: xv + 1-1104 pp (part 1 pp. 1-450; part 2 pp. 451-1104)


Mulsant, M.E. (1853). Supplément a la Monographie des Coléoptères Trimerès Sécuripapes. Annales de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon (Nouvelle Série) (2)2(1852-1853): 129–333


Mulsant, M.E. (1866). Monographie des Coccinellides. Paris: Savy et Deyrolle 292 pp.


Obrycki, J. & Kring, T (1998). Predaceous Coccinellidae in biological ControlAnnual Review of Entomology 43: 295-321.


Pasteels, J.M. (2007). Chemical defence, offence and alliance in ants-aphids-ladybirds relationships. Population Ecology 49: 5-14.


Phuoc D.T. & Stehr F.W. (1974). Morphology and taxonomy of the known pupae of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of North America, with discussion of phylogenetic relationships. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 10: 1-125.


Ponsonby, D.J. & Copland, J.W. (1997). Predators. Coccinellidae and other Coleoptera. pp. 29-60 in Ben-Dov, Y. & Hodgson, C.J. (eds): Soft Scale Insects, their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Amsterdam: Elsevier.


Poorani, J. (2002). An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects 36: 307-383.


Priore, R. (1963). Studio morfo-biologico sulla Rodolia cardinalis Muls. (Coleoptera Coccinellidae). Bolletino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria "F. Silvestri", Portici 21: 63-198.


Rees B.E., Anderson D.M., Bouk D. & Gordon R.D. (1994). Larval key to genera and selected species of North American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 96: 387-412.


Richards, A.M. (1981). Rhyzobius ventralis (Erichson) and R. forestieri (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), their biology and value for scale insect control. Bulletin of Entomological Research 71: 33-46.


Richards, A.M. (1985). Biology and defensive adaptations in Rodatus major (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and its prey, Monophlebulus pilosior (Hemiptera: Margarodidae). Journal of Zoology (London) (A) 205: 287–295


Richerson, J.V. (1970). A world list of parasites of Coccinellidae. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columnbia 67: 33-48.


Sasaji, H. (1968). Descriptions of the Coccinellid larvae of Japan and Ryukyus (Coleoptera). The Memoirs of the Faculty of Education, Fukui University Series II (Natural Science) 18: 93-135.


Sasaji, H. (1971). Coccinellidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Fauna Japonica. Tokyo: Academic Press of Japan 16 pls, 345 pp.


Sasaji, H. & Tsubokava, K. (1983). Supplementary descriptions of the coccinellid larvae of Japan (Coleoptera). The Memoirs of the Faculty of Education, Fukui University Series II (Natural Science) 32: 33-66.


Savoiskaya, G I. (1983). Larvae of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Soviet Fauna. Opredelileli Po Faunie SSSR, 137. Leningrad: Nauka. 243 pp.


Schilder F.A. & Schilder M. (1928). Die Nachrung der Coccinelliden und ihre Beziehung zur Vervandtschaft der Arten. Arbeiten aus der Biologischen Reichsanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft 16: 213-282.


Smirnoff, W.A., (1957). La cochenille du palmier-dattier (Parlatoria blanchardii Targ.) en Afrique du Nord. Comportement, importance économique, prédateurs et lutte biologique. Entomophaga 2: 1-99.


Smith, D., Papacek, D. & Smith, N. (1995). Biological control of citrus snow scale, Unaspis citri (Comstock) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in south-east Queensland, Australia . Israel Journal of Entomology 29: 253-260.


Vandenberg, N.J. (2002). Family 93. Coccinellidae Latreille 1807. In: Arnett, R. H. Jr., Thomas, M C, Skelley, P E, and Frank, J H. (ed.): American Beetles. Volume 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press LLC, 19 pp.


Verhoeff, C. (1895). Beiträge zur vergleichenden Morphologie des Abdomens der Coccinelliden und über die Hinterleibmuskulatur von Coccinella zugleich ein Versuch die Coccinelliden anatomisch zu begründen und natürlich zu gruppiren. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 61: 1-80, pls 1-6.


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