Synonyms
Oenopia Mulsant, 1850: 420. TS: Oenopia cinctella Mulsant, 1850.
Gyrocaria Timberlake, 1943: 39. TS: Coleophora guttata Blackburn, 1892.
Diagnosis
Single Australian species is easily recognized by its rounded body with characteristic maculate colour pattern, prothoracic hypomeron with weak foveae and tibial apices with two spurs.
Description
Length 3-6 mm. Body strongly convex, glabrous. Elytra black with yellowish colour pattern of 4 spots. Head with anterior clypeal border straight between lateral projections. Antenna 11-segmented; slightly shorter than head capsule with moderately compact 3-segmented club. Terminal maxillary palpomere weakly securiform. Pronotal disc evenly convex transversely to narrowly upturned external borders. Prothoracic hypomeron with fovea near anterior angles; prosternal process with distinct carinae extending anteriorly. Anterior margin of mesoventrite deeply emarginate medially. Elytral margin with narrow raised and externally thickened margins; epipleuron not foveate. Tibial spurs formula 0-2-2. Abdominal postcoxal line not recurved and incomplete laterally with short and hardly visible oblique additional line. Male terminalia. Parameres and phallobase symmetrical; penis guide symmetrical. Parameres articulated with phallobase. Penis stout, consisting of single sclerite; basal capsule distinct and T-shaped. Apodeme of male sternum 9 very narrow and rod-like. Female terminalia. Coxities club-handle like; styli terminal, well developed, with apical setae; infundibulum tube-like, enclosing the sperm duct; sperm duct simple, uniform in diameter. Spermatheca complex; spermathecal accessory gland distinctly separated from sperm duct.
Distribution and Biology
Europe, Asia, Papuan and Australian Regions. Species of Oenopia are polyphagous but mostly feeding on various aphids with additional prey being psyllids and plant hoppers.
Genus References
Mulsant, M.E. 1850. Species des Coléoptères Trimères Sécuripalpes. Annales des Sciencies Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiées par la Société nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxième Série, 2: xv + 1-1104 pp (part 1 pp. 1-450; part 2 pp. 451-1104).
Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S.M. 1982. Les coccinelles. Coleoptères-Coccinellidae. Société nouvelle des editions Boubée, Paris. 568 pp.
Pope, R. D. 1989. A revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part 1. Subfamily Coccinellinae. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 2 (1988): 663-735.
Poorani J. 2002. A review of the genus Oenopia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian subcontinent, with description of a new species. Oriental Insects, 36: 97-116.
Slipinski, S.A. 2007. Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) their biology and classification. ABRS, Canberra. 286 pp.
Timberlake, P. H. 1943. The Coccinellidae or ladybeetles of the Koebele collection - part I. The Hawaiian Planters' Record, 47, (1): 7-67.
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